The purpose of this study is to examine the formation of 'Korean' subject that were stressed on for the sake of the foundation of Modern national state, on the journal in the period of Modern Enlightenment. The entrance of subject's concept with import of Modern education included the specialization of educational object, the choice of subject material and the scientific teaching. The concept of subject brought about the reorganization of medieval education. Medieval education of Chosun [朝鮮] Dynasty was classified into the subject of moral culture, for that reason the literary element of medieval education was excluded in the modern educational system intentionally. As the teaching in medieval literacy education was contrasted with scientific teaching of modern education, it was regarded as unscientific thing, and didn't leave the possibility that was re-interpreted as the element of literacy education. 'Korean' subject in the period of Modern Enlightenment was made up of the spoken language teaching and the written language teaching. The discussions about the written language teaching aimed at revealing the point of difference from the medieval education. On the other hand, the discussions about the spoken language teaching aimed at spreading the understanding of the spoken language teaching as it was supposed that there were not the spoken language teaching in the middle ages. In spite of raising the educational necessity in the spoken language teaching, the spoken language teaching was not set up the subject of schooling. As in the period of Modern Enlightenment the speaking/listening was considered as acquiring it naturally, it was not necessary that they should prepare the educational management specially as if they would take care of the beginning. However the speaking/listening was important again for knowing how to make a living. On the other hand, the written language education was considered as importance element of schooling, because the learning about a letter was regarded as the basis for the studying the modern science. Because Korean was characterized by the composition of the phoneme, a vowel and a consonant in comparison with Chinese language, it was first aim in the written language teaching that they studied the structure of Korean and acquired the literacy, reading/writing Korean.