The objective of this study is to examine Korean middle and high school students’ awareness of writing using text mining. Samples of metaphorical expressions and descriptive writing of reason were obtained from students used to analyze students’ awareness of writing . First, keywords were extracted from descriptive writing of reason and a sentiment analysis was conducted to classify the keywords into polar (positive, negative) and nonpolar words. The classified keywords are automatically categorized through clustering by polarity: nonpolar keywords are clustered into four categories, and positive and negative into two categories each. As a result of naming the categories with a focus on the main keywords, middle and high school students’ awareness of writing was categorized into eight types: 1) self-oriented recognition, 2) other-oriented recognition, 3) intrinsic recognition, 4) instrumental recognition, 5) attitude_ positive, 6) attitude_ negative, 7) efficacy_ positive, and 8) efficacy_ negative. To intuitively examine the metaphorical expressions in each category, this study presented the metaphorical expressions in word clouds. In some cases, the same metaphorical expressions belonged to different categories, but generally the metaphorical expressions showed differences among the categories. By analyzing the categories of descriptive writing and metaphorical expressions, it was possible to estimate middle and high school students’ awareness of writing. This study verified that text mining can be used as a new methodology in awareness studies using metaphor analysis.